Calculators in primary schools

How does the use of calculators in primary schools affect mathematics teaching?

Early use of calculators is advocated by research but there are gaps due to policy issues
Pupils with unrestricted access to calculators from an early age don't appear to rely on them
Calculators can be used for multiple purposes, including creative exploration and detecting pupil misconceptions in number
Mathematical task design should carefully attend to calculator use
Calculators should be a catalyst for redesigning curricula, not just add-ons to existing ones
Use of calculators in primary maths may make the subject more open and interesting for pupils

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